CÁC TỪ VIẾT TẮT HAY DÙNG TRONG NGÀNH DƯỢC (Common Medical Abbreviations on Pharmacy)
DS Huỳnh Lời – 19Mar-2023
ALT : lanine aminotransferase
Amp. : Ampule (ống uống hay tiêm)
am, A.M. : in the morning; before noon (buổi sáng)
AQ, aq : water (nước)
AZT zidovudine
BMI body mass index
cap. capsule
cc : ubic centimeters, Use mL instead of cc. (dùng mL thay vì cc vì nhầm)
CD : controlled delivery (phóng thích có kiểm soát)
CNS : central nervous system
Conc. : Concentrated (nồng độ)
CR : controlled-release (phóng thích có kiểm soát)
DR : delayed-release (phóng thích chậm)
EC : enteric-coated (bao tan trong ruột)
ENT : Ear, Nose, and Throat (Tai mũi họng)
elix. : Elixir (cồn thuốc)
emuls. : Emulsion (nhũ tương)
ER : extended-release, Phóng thích chậm, Can also mean “emergency room”
GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease -trào ngược dạ dày thực quản
GI: gastrointestinal – dạ dày ruột
h, or hr. : hour
HCT, or Hct: hematocrit
HCTZ: hydrochlorothiazide
IM : intramuscular
IN : intranasal
Inf.: infusion
inj. : injection
IU: international unit(s), đơn vị quốc tế, dễ nhầm với IV (intravenous) or the number 10 (ten); Instead use “International Unit(s)”
IV: intravenous
LA: long-acting – tác dụng kéo dài
Lab: laboratory
lb. pound
LDL: low-density lipoprotein
liq.: liquid
mcg or µg: microgram, Can be misinterpreted to mean “mg” or milligram, better to spell out ‘microgram’
MD: medical doctor
mEq: milliequivalent
mL : milliliter, Do not use ml as lowercase l may be mistaken for the number 1. Use mL (lowercase m, uppercase L) for milliliter (per ISMP).
mm: millimeter
MM or M: million, May be mistaken as thousand. Use million.
M or K: thousand, May be mistaken as million. Use thousand.
mm of Hg: millimeters of mercury
mMol: millimole
MR: modified-release phóng thích thay đổi
NSAID : nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
o.d. : once per day, Preferred in the UK; Can also mean “overdose” or “right eye”; better to spell out “once per day”
OTC : over-the-counter
pc : after meals
PRN: as needed
PM : evening
PO: orally or by mouth (đường uống, May be better to spell out “by mouth” or “orally” (per AMA))
qd, QD, q.d., Q.D. : every day, Can be mistaken as q.i.d. Instead write “daily” (per The Joint Commission “Do Not Use List”) or “use daily” per ISMP list
q.i.d. , QID : four times a day
RA : rheumatoid arthritis – viêm khớp dạng thấp
Rx : prescription
SA : sustained action (tác dụng kéo dài)
SL, s.l. : sublingual (under the tongue)
SC, SQ sq, or sub q: subcutaneous or subcutaneously Use SUBQ (all uppercase) or spell out subcutaneous or subcutaneously
SR : sustained release (tác dụng kéo dài)
STD : sexually transmitted disease
Supp : suppository – viên đặt
susp : suspension, hỗn dịch
syr : syrup
T : temperature
tbsp or Tbsp : tablespoon, Mistaken as teaspoon(s). Use the metric system (e.g., mL).
TID, t.i.d. : three times a day
top. : topical
TR : timed-release
tsp : teaspoon, Mistaken as tablespoon(s). Use the metric system (e.g., mL).
U or u : unit, Mistaken as the number “0” (zero), the number “4” (four) or as “cc”. Write “unit” instead (per The Joint Commission “Do Not Use” List).
UTI : urinary tract infection
WBC: white blood cell
XR : extended-release
mcg, µg : microgram. µg mcg can be misinterpreted as “mg”. Better to spell out “microgram”
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